We performed the field experiments of cattle movement and behavior monitoring
at the University of Nottingham's Dairy Centre to collect realistic parameters
necessary to develop and evaluate an adequate wireless protocol.
[xml metadata]
Note: This metadata was prepared by the CRAWDAD team and verified by the data set (or tool) authors. We have made every effort to ensure its accuracy, but urge all users to consider the metadata and data carefully and be sure that their use in research is consistent with the nature and limitations of the data. We welcome any corrections.
This metadata was prepared based on the following reference(s):
- [Data]
- [Tools]
- [Authors]
- [Papers]
You can see more papers that use this dataset or tool at citeulike's 'crawdad' group with tag
nottingham_cattle
.
Please
add
more papers.
Also please cite this data set using the following bibtex (or cite one of the papers below).
@MISC{nottingham-cattle-2007-12-20,
author = {Bartosz Wietrzyk and Milena Radenkovic},
title = {{CRAWDAD} data set nottingham/cattle (v. 2007-12-20)},
howpublished = {Downloaded from http://crawdad.cs.dartmouth.edu/nottingham/cattle},
month = dec,
year = 2007
}
|
version
| v. 2007-12-20 |
|
changes
| the initial version |
|
bibtex
|
@MISC{nottingham-cattle-2007-12-20,
author = {Bartosz Wietrzyk and Milena Radenkovic},
title = {{CRAWDAD} data set nottingham/cattle (v. 2007-12-20)},
howpublished = {Downloaded from http://crawdad.cs.dartmouth.edu/nottingham/cattle},
month = dec,
year = 2007
}
|
| metadata last modified | 2008-01-04 |
| summary | We performed the field experiments of cattle movement and behavior monitoring
at the University of Nottingham's Dairy Centre to collect realistic parameters
necessary to develop and evaluate an adequate wireless protocol. |
| release date | 2007-12-20 |
| measurement start | 2006-07-04 |
| measurement end | 2006-07-13 |
| authors | Bartosz Wietrzyk
Milena Radenkovic
|
|
web site
| http://www.crawdad.org/nottingham/cattle |
|
wiki
|
go to the wiki page for this data set
|
| keyword | Bluetooth, DTN, GPS, MANET, location, sensor network |
| measurement purposes | User Mobility Characterization
Routing Protocol for DTNs (Disruption Tolerent Networks)
Energy-efficient Wireless Network
|
| network type | sensor network |
| network type | bluetooth |
| network type | GPS (Global Positioning System) |
| network type | DTN (Delay or Disruption Tolerant Network) |
| environment | The application of Mobile Ad Hoc Networks to cattle monitoring has
the potential to increase the profitability of cattle production and
positively impact the everyday live of farm personnel. To realize
these possibilities, design of wireless protocols needs to be driven
by real experiences. The main research challenges are identifying and
refining realistic requirements for a MANET routing protocol and
designing such protocol. In order to address this, we performed
the field experiments at the University of Nottingham's Dairy Centre.
The purpose of these field experiments was collection of realistic
parameters necessary to develop and evaluate an adequate wireless
protocol. They included cattle movement and behavior monitoring
as well as distributing a questionnaire to the farm personnel and
researchers working on the farm. |
| network | We installed on each monitored cow a collar comprising a neck strap
and an aluminum instrument enclosure containing a Bluetooth GPS and
a Bluetooth enabled mobile phone. |
| collection | Mobile phones were logging data from the GPS receivers including positions
and timestamps. All the cows in the dairy were wearing pedometers. Their
measurements were automatically collected by milking robots whenever a cow
was milked. |
|
tracesets included
| nottingham/cattle/mobility (v. 2007-12-20)
|
|
version
| v. 2007-12-20 |
|
changes
| the initial version. |
|
bibtex
|
@MISC{nottingham-cattle-mobility-2007-12-20,
author = {Bartosz Wietrzyk and Milena Radenkovic},
title = {{CRAWDAD} trace set nottingham/cattle/mobility (v. 2007-12-20)},
howpublished = {Downloaded from http://crawdad.cs.dartmouth.edu/nottingham/cattle/mobility},
month = dec,
year = 2007
}
|
| metadata last modified | 2008-01-04 |
| summary | We monitored some cows located at the University of Nottingham's Dairy Centre
to collect the traces of cattle movement and behavior. |
| release date | 2007-12-20 |
| measurement start | 2007-07-04 |
| measurement end | 2007-07-13 |
| measurement purposes | User Mobility Characterization
Routing Protocol for DTNs (Disruption Tolerent Networks)
Energy-efficient Wireless Network
|
| methodology | In the first field experiment we monitored two of the cows located in one of
the divisions of a modern dairy intended for about 100 animals. Cows can move
freely in the area with the feeder, water tank, resting bays and milking robots
available 24 hours a day.
We installed on the monitored cows two collars comprising a neck strap
and an aluminum instrument enclosure containing a Bluetooth GPS and
a Bluetooth enabled mobile phone.
Mobile phones were logging data from the GPS receivers including positions
and timestamps. All the cows in the dairy were wearing pedometers. Their
measurements were automatically collected by milking robots whenever a cow
was milked. The data collection started at 11:10. Both GPS receivers
worked until around 14:05.
Some of the collected measurements suggested that cows moved with speeds
impossible for them, which suggested GPS errors. Concurrently we were
filming the part of the dairy where the monitored cows were kept. We placed
the camera on the ramp above this area. This location offered the most
complete view but some parts of the area were obscured. GPS receivers and
filming were utilized only for the purpose of our field experiments.
Their utilization is not intended for the target monitoring system.
We repeated the previous experiment with five collars mounted on animals
and two cameras located at two different ramps to get a more complete view
of the area where the monitored cows were kept. We had GPS receivers
with better batteries than before and we were logging data about the precision
of logged locations. Monitoring started at 11:10. GPS receivers worked
until 18:24, 12:23 (probably jammed), 18:51, 15:09, 15:33. We received
the plan of the dairy and then captured the coordinates of the characteristic
locations on the plan using a handheld GPS receiver. |
| error | Some of the collected measurements suggested that cows moved with speeds
impossible for them, which suggested GPS errors. |
| download url | Download (372KB gz)
(MD5 Hash: 784a56a023d5235c5d798a6d5926e384) from US UK AU |
| parent data | nottingham/cattle (v. 2007-12-20)
|
|
traces included
| nottingham/cattle/mobility/2006.07.04 (v. 2007-12-20)
nottingham/cattle/mobility/2006.07.13 (v. 2007-12-20)
|
|
version
| v. 2007-12-20 |
|
changes
| the initial version |
|
bibtex
|
@MISC{nottingham-cattle-mobility-2006.07.04-2007-12-20,
author = {Bartosz Wietrzyk and Milena Radenkovic},
title = {{CRAWDAD} trace nottingham/cattle/mobility/2006.07.04 (v. 2007-12-20)},
howpublished = {Downloaded from http://crawdad.cs.dartmouth.edu/nottingham/cattle/mobility/2006.07.04},
month = dec,
year = 2007
}
|
| metadata last modified | 2008-01-04 |
| summary | Trace of cattle movement and behavior monitoring collected at the University
of Nottingham's Dairy Centre on 2007-07-04. |
| derived | false |
| release date | 2007-12-20 |
| measurement start | 2006-07-04 |
| measurement end | 2006-07-04 |
| configuration | In the first field experiment we monitored two of the cows located in one of
the divisions of a modern dairy intended for about 100 animals. Cows can move
freely in the area with the feeder, water tank, resting bays and milking robots
available 24 hours a day.
We installed on the monitored cows two collars comprising a neck strap
and an aluminum instrument enclosure containing a Bluetooth GPS and
a Bluetooth enabled mobile phone.
Mobile phones were logging data from the GPS receivers including positions
and timestamps. All the cows in the dairy were wearing pedometers. Their
measurements were automatically collected by milking robots whenever a cow
was milked. The data collection started at 11:10. Both GPS receivers
worked until around 14:05. |
| format | Directory name - 2006.07.04
GPS traces (???.txt):
GPS data from Bluetooth GPSes mounted on the wet cows kept in a dairy. We
file name - id of the cow
PyStumbler 1.0 format, meaning of the important fields:
DATE - date of the measurement
LAT - latitude
LON - longitude
TIMEOFFIX - time in GMT (equivalent to British winter time)
STATUS - Validity: A-ok, V-invalid
SOG - speed over gorund
COG - course of the ground
MODE - Mode: 1=Fix not available; 2=2D; 3=3D
NUMSAT - number of sattelites used for the fix (the more the better)
PDOP - Position Dilution of Precision (PDOP)
HDOP - Horizontal Dilution of Precision (HDOP)
VDOP - Vertical Dilution of Precision (VDOP)
DOP (dilution of precision) is an indication of the effect of satellite geometry on the accuracy of the fix. It is a unitless number where smaller is better. For 3D fixes using 4 satellites a 1.0 would be considered to be a perfect number, however for over determined solutions it is possible to see numbers below 1.0.
Pedometer data (pedometers.txt):
Data from the pedometers mounted on the legs of the wet cows kept in the dairy.
Each line represents pedometer reading taken during milking preformed by a robot.
1) ID of the cow
2) Birth day of the cow
3) timestamp in BST (British Summer Time)
4) Pedometer reading |
| parent data | nottingham/cattle/mobility (v. 2007-12-20)
|
|
version
| v. 2007-12-20 |
|
changes
| the initial version |
|
bibtex
|
@MISC{nottingham-cattle-mobility-2006.07.13-2007-12-20,
author = {Bartosz Wietrzyk and Milena Radenkovic},
title = {{CRAWDAD} trace nottingham/cattle/mobility/2006.07.13 (v. 2007-12-20)},
howpublished = {Downloaded from http://crawdad.cs.dartmouth.edu/nottingham/cattle/mobility/2006.07.13},
month = dec,
year = 2007
}
|
| metadata last modified | 2008-01-04 |
| summary | Trace of cattle movement and behavior monitoring collected at the University
of Nottingham's Dairy Centre on 2007-07-13. |
| derived | false |
| release date | 2007-12-20 |
| measurement start | 2006-07-13 |
| measurement end | 2006-07-13 |
| configuration | In the second field experiment we monitored five of the cows located in one of
the divisions of a modern dairy intended for about 100 animals. We also located
two cameras at two different ramps to get a more complete view of the area
where the monitored cows were kept. Cows can move freely in the area with
the feeder, water tank, resting bays and milking robots available 24 hours a day.
We installed on the monitored cows five collars comprising a neck strap
and an aluminum instrument enclosure containing a Bluetooth GPS and
a Bluetooth enabled mobile phone.
Mobile phones were logging data from the GPS receivers including positions
and timestamps. All the cows in the dairy were wearing pedometers. Their
measurements were automatically collected by milking robots whenever a cow
was milked.
We had GPS receivers with better batteries than before and we were logging data
about the precision of logged locations. Monitoring started at 11:10.
GPS receivers worked until 18:24, 12:23 (probably jammed), 18:51, 15:09, 15:33.
We received the plan of the dairy and then captured the coordinates of the
characteristic locations on the plan using a handheld GPS receiver. |
| format | Directory name - 2006.07.13
GPS traces (???.txt):
GPS data from Bluetooth GPSes mounted on the wet cows kept in a dairy.
file name - id of the cow
PyStumbler 1.0 format, meaning of the important fields:
DATE - date of the measurement
LAT - latitude
LON - longitude
TIMEOFFIX - time in GMT (equivalent to British winter time)
STATUS - Validity: A-ok, V-invalid
SOG - speed over gorund
COG - course of the ground
MODE - Mode: 1=Fix not available; 2=2D; 3=3D
NUMSAT - number of sattelites used for the fix (the more the better)
PDOP - Position Dilution of Precision (PDOP)
HDOP - Horizontal Dilution of Precision (HDOP)
VDOP - Vertical Dilution of Precision (VDOP)
DOP (dilution of precision) is an indication of the effect of satellite geometry on the accuracy of the fix. It is a unitless number where smaller is better. For 3D fixes using 4 satellites a 1.0 would be considered to be a perfect number, however for over determined solutions it is possible to see numbers below 1.0.
Pedometer data (pedometers.txt):
Data from the pedometers mounted on the legs of the wet cows kept in the dairy.
Each line represents pedometer reading taken during milking preformed by a robot.
1) ID of the cow
2) Birth day of the cow
3) timestamp in BST (British Summer Time)
4) Pedometer reading |
| parent data | nottingham/cattle/mobility (v. 2007-12-20)
|
|
category
| inproceedings |
| authors | Bartosz Wietrzyk
Milena Radenkovic
Ivaylo Kostadinov
|
| title | Practical MANETs for Pervasive Cattle Monitoring |
| booktitle | Proceedings of The Seventh International Conference on Networking (ICN 2008) |
| address | Cancun, Mexico |
| volume | 0 |
| month | --04-- |
| year | 2008 |
978-0-7695-3106-9| pages | 14-23 |
| publisher | IEEE Computer Society |
| keywords | measurement |
| keywords | wireless |
| keywords | nottingham_cattle |
| keywords | crawdad |
| related data/tools | nottingham/cattle
|
